Table 1. Calf activity (behavioral and acoustic)
during social sound production, as recorded with two-element
hydrophone array.
*Elapsed time begins when divers first encounter pod; video was stopped only
once at 9:28 when whales moved and divers boarded boat to follow. PS =
Pulsed Signal; AM = Amplitude Modulated Signal; FM = Frequency Modulated Signal.
Elapsed video Time (min)* |
Activity |
Type of sound |
Distance from Diver (m) |
Distance from Mother (m) |
0:00 |
Mother and calf resting
at 15m depth. |
None |
>10 |
<1 |
2:30 |
Calf surfaces alone,
shows curious, surface active behavior. |
None |
<5 |
>10 |
2:43 |
Calf swimming in front
of diver 2, approaching diver 1; tail swish. |
PS (n=1) |
<5 |
>10 |
2:56-2:59 |
Approaching diver 1;
calf breaks surface while emitting sound. |
PS (n=3)
AM (n=2) |
<3 |
>10 |
3:14 |
Grunt immediately followed
by blow in front of diver 1. |
PS (n=1) |
<3 |
>10 |
3:21-3:23 |
Calf milling around divers
exhibiting curious behavior; four grunts in a row,
two while breathing, two after. |
FM (n=4) |
<3 |
>10 |
3:32 |
Calf dives to join mother
at 15m depth. |
None |
>10 |
<1 |
6:37 |
Calf surfaces, shows
curious, surface active behavior. |
None |
5-10 |
|
6:49-6:50 |
Calf turns toward diver
2, grunts while surfacing. |
PS (n=2) |
5-10 |
>10 |
7:23 |
Calf tail swishes at
diver 2, grunts, surfaces <1 second later. |
PS (n=1) |
<5 |
>10 |
8:04-8:05 |
Calf traveling away from
diver 2. Surface active. Grunts, surfaces <1
second later. |
PS (n=2) |
<5 |
>10 |
8:21 |
Calf swims ventral-side-up
under diver 1. |
None |
<2 |
>10 |
8:31 |
Mother surfaces to calf
and both swim away. Escort follows, releases bubble
trail. |
None |
<5 |
<1 |
8:54 |
Divers rejoin pod, calf
resting with mother at 15m depth |
None |
>10 |
<1 |
11:07 |
Calf surfaces, shows
curious, surface active behavior (tail swishing,
etc.). |
|
<5 |
>10 |
11:39 |
Calf milling at surface. |
PS (n=1) |
5-10 |
>10 |
11:56-11:57 |
Milling, approaches diver
2, grunts while surfacing. |
PS (n=2) |
<5 |
>10 |
12:19 |
Surface active behavior
close to diver 2, grunts, surfaces <1 second later. |
PS (n=1) |
<5 |
>10 |
12:35 |
Surface active close
to diver 2, quietly grunts, surfaces <1 second
later. |
PS (n=1) |
<3 |
>10 |
12:41-13:09 |
Calf tail swishing at
surface, splashing |
None |
<5 |
>10 |
13:13 |
Calf dives to join mother
resting at depth. |
None |
>10 |
<1 |
16:08 |
Calf surfaces, exhibits
milling behavior, no interaction with divers. |
None |
>10 |
>10 |
16:47 |
Calf dives to join mother
resting at depth. |
None |
5-10 |
<1 |
